本を読みます / I read a book.

本

This can be write "ほん" in Hiragana. "本 / book". 

読みます

This can be write "よみます" in Hiragana. "読みます / read".

本を読みます

Connecting these words. "本 / ほん / book" is the object. So you need to put "を" to the object right after it as "本を". "を" is an object marker which you can difine the word before the particle "を" as the object in the sentence. This sentence, as a whole, means "I read a book.".

パンを食べます

"パン / ぱん / bread, 食べます/ たべます / eat". The sentence means "I eat a bread.". "パン" is the object here, so you put "を" after "パン".

パンを食べますか？

"が" is put at the end of the previous sentence. "か" can make a sentence a question. So, this means "(Do you) eat a bread?".

お酒を飲みますか？

”お酒（おさけ）/ booze, alcoholic drink”. "飲みます（のみます）/ drink". This sentence means "(Do you) drink alcoholic drink?".

ぎゅうにゅうを　のみます

"ぎゅうにゅう / milk". This means "I drink milk.".

やさいを　たべます

"やさい / vegitable". This means "I eat vegitable.".

みずを　のみます。

"みず / water". This means "I drink water.".